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Advanced Concepts of
2 2 Advanced Concepts of

Modelling in AI
Modelling in AI

u Artifi cial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and u Categories of Machine Learning Based Models
Deep Learning u Types of Supervised Learning Models
u Common Terminologies Used With Data u Types of Unsupervised Learning Models
u AI Modelling u Types of Deep Learning Models

Artificial Intelligence refers to the ability of machines or computer programs to carry out certain tasks that
are normally carried out by human beings using their intelligence. In other words, AI is an approach to make a
computer or a machine to think and act like humans. A user can create and train his/her own AI model or use an
already developed AI model. There are certain terms related to creating an AI model. Let us learn about these.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, MACHINE LEARNING, AND DEEP LEARNING

The terms Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning are often considered synonymous, but
there are some subtle differences between them.

Artificial Intelligence

The different definitions of AI, as defined by different organisations, are:
 According to NITI Aayog, ‘AI is the ability of machines to perform cognitive tasks like thinking, perceiving,
learning, problem solving, and decision making. In simple terms, Artificial intelligence is concerned with
designing intelligent man-made devices like robots. Today, AI has become a part of our life. Nowadays many
companies are trying to implement this technology for better productivity.’

 According to Britannica, ‘Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of a digital computer or computer-
controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently
applied to the project of developing systems endowed with intellectual characteristics of humans, such as
the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalise, or learn from past experience.’

AI, in general, refers to creating any machine or devise that can mimic human behaviour of intelligent and
independent thinking, reasoning, and decision making. Artificial intelligence has the power to streamline
customer service interactions and enhance customer engagement. The experts of Artificial Intelligence are
working on automatic learning, knowledge engineering, artificial vision, natural language processing and data
mining, to get really interesting and useful solutions.

Machine Learning

Machine Learning, or ML, is a subset of AI that makes the system able to learn automatically from past experience
or past information. Virtual Assistants such as Siri and Alexa are becoming commonplace in households. They
are able to perform tasks like playing music, providing information, telling jokes, solving puzzles, etc. Machine
learning is an important part of these virtual assistants as they collect information over a period of time on

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