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a. Syntax deals with word meaning, and semanti cs deals with sentence structure.

b. Semanti cs refers to rules of grammar, while syntax refers to the meaning of words.
c. Syntax focuses on sentence structure, and semanti cs focuses on meaning.
d. Syntax and semanti cs mean the same in NLP.

3. Bag of Words is one of the most popular algorithms used in NLP. But this algorithm has a limitation.
Identify the limitation of the BoW algorithm from the given options.

a. It ignores word frequency. b. It disregards the order and context of words.
c. It does not consider rare words in text. d. It cannot be used for text classifi cati on.
Answers

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b)
H. Assertion and Reason-based questions.
In each of the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R). Observe
both the statements and answer:
(a) If both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(b) If both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) If A is true but R is false
(d) If A is false but R is true

1. Assertion (A): Text normalisation is a crucial step in Natural Language Processing.
Reason (R): Text normalisation simplifies textual data by transforming it into a standardised form,
aiding in subsequent language processing tasks.
2. Assertion (A): Bag of Words is a feature extraction method in Natural Language Processing.
Reason (R): Bag of Words involves extracting words from the given block of text and keeping them in a
virtual bag.

3. Assertion (A): Pragmatic analysis in natural language processing (NLP) involves assessing sentences for
their practical applicability in real-world scenarios.

Reason (R): Pragmatic analysis requires understanding the intended meaning behind sentences and
considering their practical or logical implications, rather than solely relying on literal word meanings
obtained from semantic analysis.
Answers
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (a)
I. Case-study based questions.

1. Maanvi loves cooking and to follow her hobby, she recently opened a café that provides breakfast and
snacks services to customers through her website. She deployed a chatbot application to handle orders
and provide answers to her customers about menu and orders. However, her customers complain that
the chatbot gives irrelevant responses.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:

a. What type of chatbot is best suited for customer support: rule-based or AI-based?
b. How can NLP improve chatbot responses?
c. Name the key steps used in text normalisati on process while developing an NLP model.

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