Page 146 - AI Computer 10

Understanding the various domains of AI or applications of AI is important because AI is not one singular
technology. There are many different types of AI systems designed for different purposes. Being aware of the
major domains allows us to better grasp the current capabilities and future potential of AI in different areas.
The most common domains of AI are as follows:
u Data Science u Computer Vision u Natural Language Processing

Data Science

Data Science is a field of study to analyse large amounts of data. It is a technique that combines ideas and methods
from computer engineering, artificial intelligence, statistics, and mathematics to scan and sift through data and
analyse it to find trends and patterns. For example, questions like “What happened?”, “Why it happened?”,
“What will happen?”, and “What can be done with the outcomes?” are some of the questions that can be
analysed. A Data Scientist can use different types of data while developing an AI system, such as text, audio,
images, and video. Statistical and mathematical techniques are used to analyse the collected data and derive
insights from it, that help in better decision making. For example, the Product Recommendation Engines on
e-commerce websites recommend products on the basis of most bought products, most rated products, most
searched products, etc.

Applications of Data Science
Some applications of Data Science are described below:
u Search Engines: The most useful application of data science is Search Engines. When we want to search for
something on the Internet, a search engine goes through its collection of web pages and displays the one
that contains content related to our search query. The pages are displayed on the basis of number of clicks
during recent time.
u Transport: Data Science has accelerated the development of driverless cars. With a large amount of data
available, such as real-time traffic data, images and videos, driverless cars are able to choose the optimum
path, drive responsibly, and reduce the number of accidents.
u Health Care: In the healthcare Industry, data science is used for detecting tumors, drug discoveries, medical
image analysis, predictive modelling for diagnosis, etc.
u Image Recognition: Data Science is most commonly used in Image Recognition. For example, social media
websites such as Facebook, give suggestions to tag people in photo we upload on the website.
u Gaming: In most of the games where a user plays with a computer opponent, data science concepts are
used with machine learning, where with the help of past data the computer will improve its performance.
Games like chess, AlphaGo, Jeopardy, etc. use Data Science concepts.
u Delivery Logistics: Various logistics companies like DHL, FedEx, etc. make use of Data Science to find the
best route for the shipment of their products, the best time suited for delivery, the best mode of transport
to reach the destination, etc.

Computer Vision (CV)
Computer Vision is a field of AI that describes a machine’s capacity to
gather and process visual data and make predictions based on that
data. The process as a whole includes obtaining, screening, analysing,
identifying, and extracting information from images. Computers can
understand and respond appropriately to any visual content through
computer vision. In Computer Vision, images from many sources,
such as indicators, thermal or infrared sensors, and cameras, can be
fed into computers.

12
12